What happens if blood sugar is over 800?

High blood sugar, also known as hyperglycemia, occurs when the glucose levels in the blood are above the normal range. It is a common problem for individuals with diabetes, a medical condition characterized by impaired insulin production or utilization in the body. If blood sugar levels rise above 800 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter), it can lead to severe complications and even life-threatening situations.

Effects of blood sugar over 800:

Increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis: When blood sugar reaches extremely high levels, the body may start breaking down fats for energy, resulting in the production of acidic ketones. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious condition that can occur in individuals with type 1 diabetes or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. It requires immediate medical attention to avoid complications such as coma or death.
Dehydration: High blood sugar causes increased urination, leading to significant fluid loss from the body. This can result in dehydration, which can further worsen the effects of hyperglycemia and impair various bodily functions.
Electrolyte imbalances: Hyperglycemia can disrupt the balance of electrolytes in the body, including sodium, potassium, and chloride. These imbalances can lead to complications such as irregular heart rhythms, muscle weakness, and even cardiac arrest.
Organ damage: Prolonged exposure to high blood sugar levels can cause damage to various organs, including the kidneys, eyes, nerves, and blood vessels. This can result in complications like diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and increased risk of heart disease.
Impaired cognitive function: Studies have shown that uncontrolled hyperglycemia can negatively impact brain function and cognitive abilities. It can impair memory, attention, and decision-making skills, affecting daily life and overall quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

Why does high blood sugar occur?

High blood sugar can occur due to various reasons in individuals with diabetes. Some common causes include:

Lack of insulin production: In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin, a hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. Without insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells for energy, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
Insulin resistance: In type 2 diabetes, the body may develop insulin resistance, where the cells are unable to utilize insulin effectively. This results in sugar remaining in the bloodstream rather than being absorbed by the cells.
Poor medication management: Inadequate medication use or incorrect dosages can contribute to high blood sugar levels. Skipping or not taking enough diabetes medications can prevent proper glucose control.
Dietary factors: Consuming excessive amounts of carbohydrates, sugary foods, or drinks can cause blood sugar levels to rise. Lack of portion control and unhealthy eating habits can contribute to hyperglycemia.
Stress and illness: Physical or emotional stress, along with certain illnesses like infections, can trigger the release of stress hormones, which can increase blood sugar levels.

How to manage high blood sugar?

Managing high blood sugar involves various strategies to bring glucose levels back to a healthy range. It is essential to work closely with healthcare professionals and follow an individualized diabetes management plan. Some strategies that can help manage high blood sugar include:

Insulin or medication adjustments: Healthcare providers may prescribe or adjust insulin therapy or other diabetes medications to regulate blood sugar levels effectively.
Healthy diet: Following a balanced diet that includes adequate protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates can help maintain stable blood sugar levels. Portion control and regular meal timings are also important.
Regular physical activity: Engaging in regular exercise or physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and glucose control. It is important to discuss exercise plans with healthcare providers to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Monitoring blood sugar: Regularly checking blood sugar levels using a glucose meter or continuous glucose monitoring system helps individuals with diabetes stay aware of their levels and make necessary adjustments in their treatment plan.
Stress management: Finding effective ways to manage stress, such as practicing relaxation techniques or engaging in hobbies, can help prevent blood sugar spikes caused by emotional or physical stress.

Who is at risk for high blood sugar?

Individuals with diabetes, especially those with poorly controlled diabetes, are at higher risk of experiencing episodes of high blood sugar. Additionally, the following factors can increase the risk:

Type 1 diabetes: People with type 1 diabetes, who rely on insulin therapy and have an absence or minimal production of insulin, are at a higher risk of developing hyperglycemia if they do not administer insulin properly or have issues with insulin absorption.
Type 2 diabetes: Individuals with type 2 diabetes, particularly those with insulin resistance, are at risk of high blood sugar if their condition is poorly managed, leading to uncontrolled glucose levels.
Poor medication compliance: Failing to take prescribed diabetes medications or not following the recommended dosages can increase the likelihood of hyperglycemia.
Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity and leading a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to increased blood sugar levels and poor diabetes management.
Unhealthy eating habits: Consuming excessive amounts of high-sugar, high-carbohydrate, and processed foods can disrupt blood sugar control and contribute to hyperglycemia.
Stress and illness: Stressful situations, emotional distress, and certain illnesses or infections can trigger hormonal responses that elevate blood sugar levels.

It is important for individuals at risk for high blood sugar to work closely with healthcare professionals to develop a personalized diabetes management plan that includes regular monitoring, healthy lifestyle choices, and appropriate medication use.

Additional Questions:

What are the symptoms of high blood sugar?

Symptoms of high blood sugar can include frequent urination, increased thirst, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, frequent infections, slow wound healing, and intense hunger.

What is the treatment for high blood sugar?

The treatment for high blood sugar depends on the individual’s specific situation. It may involve adjusting insulin or medication dosages, making dietary changes, increasing physical activity, managing stress levels, and regularly monitoring blood sugar levels.

Can high blood sugar be dangerous?

Yes, high blood sugar can be dangerous and lead to life-threatening complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, organ damage, and impaired cognitive function. Prompt medical attention and proper diabetes management are crucial to prevent these complications.

What are the long-term effects of uncontrolled high blood sugar?

Long-term effects of uncontrolled high blood sugar can include an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, nerve damage (neuropathy), kidney disease (diabetic nephropathy), eye damage (diabetic retinopathy), foot ulcers, and a higher likelihood of infections.

Are there studies or research related to the effects of blood sugar over 800?

As of the year 2023, there are several studies and research articles related to the effects of blood sugar over 800. Some recent studies have focused on the association between hyperglycemia and increased risk of diabetic complications, including diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairments. It is essential to refer to specific studies and research articles for detailed information.

Sources (viewed on July 12, 2023):

Hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) – National Health Service – Updated May 2023
Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Glucose) – American Diabetes Association – Updated January 2023
Blood sugar spikes: Causes, symptoms, and prevention – Medical News Today – Updated May 2023