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When / Kailan
- Derivatives: Kailan man, Kailan pa man
- Example in English (present simple): When are you coming?
- Translation in Tagalog: « Kailan ka darating? »
- Example in English (past simple): When did you arrive?
- Translation in Tagalog: « Kailan ka dumating? »
- Example in English (future simple): When will you call me?
- Translation in Tagalog: « Kailan mo ako tatawagan? »
- Context: Used as a simple interrogative to ask about time.
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When / Kapag
- Derivatives: Conditional clause marker
- Example in English (present simple): When it rains, I use an umbrella.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Kapag umuulan, gumagamit ako ng payong. »
- Example in English (past simple): When it rained, we stayed indoors.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Kapag umuulan noon, nanatili kami sa loob. »
- Example in English (future simple): When it rains, I will grab my umbrella.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Kapag umuulan, kukuhain ko ang aking payong. »
- Context: Used to express conditions or specify the time an event occurs.
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When / Sa oras na
- Derivatives: As soon as, once
- Example in English (present simple): When the movie starts, please be quiet.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Sa oras na magsimula ang pelikula, magpakatahimik kayo. »
- Example in English (past simple): When the movie started, the audience fell silent.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Sa oras na nagsimula ang pelikula, tumahimik ang mga manonood. »
- Example in English (future simple): When the movie starts, the lights will dim.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Sa oras na magsimula ang pelikula, madidilim ang mga ilaw. »
- Context: Marks the precise moment an event occurs, emphasizing immediacy.
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When / Noong
- Derivatives: Past time marker
- Example in English (present simple): When I was young, I laughed easily.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Noong bata ako, madaling akong tumawa. »
- Example in English (past simple): When she was young, she loved to dance.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Noong bata siya, mahal na mahal niyang sumayaw. »
- Example in English (future simple): When I recall my childhood, I will smile.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Noong aalalahanin ko ang aking kabataan, ako’y ngumingiti. »
- Context: Specifically used to refer to past times or experiences.
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When / Nang
- Derivatives: Conjunction linking events
- Example in English (present simple): Call me when you arrive.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Tawagan mo ako nang dumating ka. »
- Example in English (past simple): He left when I saw him.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Umalis siya nang makita ko siya. »
- Example in English (future simple): I will remember when you helped me.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Aalalaing ko nang tinulungan mo ako. »
- Context: Commonly used as a linker to indicate the time an action occurs within a sentence.
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When / Sa tuwing
- Derivatives: Whenever, every time
- Example in English (present simple): When I hear that song, I smile.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Sa tuwing maririnig ko ang kantang iyon, ako’y ngumiti. »
- Example in English (past simple): When he called, I answered immediately.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Sa tuwing tumawag siya, sinagot ko siya agad. »
- Example in English (future simple): When you visit, I will greet you warmly.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Sa tuwing bibisita ka, sasalubungin kita ng may init. »
- Context: Emphasizes a habitual or repeated time occurrence.
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When / Pagdating
- Derivatives: Upon arrival
- Example in English (present simple): When the bus arrives, we wait at the stop.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Pagdating ng bus, naghihintay kami sa hintuan. »
- Example in English (past simple): When the package arrived, I opened it immediately.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Pagdating ng package, agad ko itong binuksan. »
- Example in English (future simple): When the time comes, the decision will be made.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Pagdating ng oras, gagawin ang desisyon. »
- Context: Used to denote the moment something or someone reaches a destination.
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When / Kung kailan
- Derivatives: At whichever time, whichever moment
- Example in English (present simple): Let me know when you are free.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Ipagbigay-alam mo sa akin kung kailan ka libre. »
- Example in English (past simple): He visited whenever he could.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Bumisita siya kung kailan siya nagkaroon ng pagkakataon. »
- Example in English (future simple): I will call you when you are ready.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Tatawagan kita kung kailan ka handa. »
- Context: Indicates an undetermined time that is flexible or conditional.
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When / Tuwing
- Derivatives: Every time
- Example in English (present simple): Tuwing morning, she jogs in the park.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Tuwing umaga, nagjo-jogging siya sa parke. »
- Example in English (past simple): Tuwing weekend, we gathered as a family.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Tuwing weekend, nagtitipon kami bilang pamilya. »
- Example in English (future simple): Tuwing holidays, they will visit relatives.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Tuwing pista opisyal, bibisita sila sa mga kamag-anak. »
- Context: Used to indicate a regular or habitual occurrence every time an event happens.
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When / Pagsapit
- Derivatives: At the moment of arrival, upon reaching
- Example in English (present simple): When night falls, the city lights up.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Pagsapit ng gabi, umiilaw ang lungsod. »
- Example in English (past simple): When the festival began, everyone cheered.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Pagsapit ng pista, nagdiwang ang lahat. »
- Example in English (future simple): When the deadline comes, we will review the work.
- Translation in Tagalog: « Pagsapit ng takdang oras, rerepasuhin namin ang gawain. »
- Context: Highlights the precise moment something is reached or initiated.
Each of these ten expressions provides a unique way to express « when » in Tagalog, capturing various nuances—from asking questions about time, indicating conditions and habitual events, to marking specific moments. Choose the expression that best fits your communication needs for clear and effective understanding.
